1
A, B, and C invested their capitals in the ratio 2:3:5. The durations for which A, B, and C invested were in the ratio 4:2:3. If C's share of profit is Rs. 1,47,000 greater than A's share, what is B's share of profit?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Determine the profit sharing ratio using the formula: Profit Ratio = (Capital Ratio * Time Ratio).
Capital ratio A:B:C = 2:3:5.
Time ratio A:B:C = 4:2:3.
Profit Ratio A:B:C = (2*4) : (3*2) : (5*3) = 8:6:15.
Step 2: Calculate the difference in profit shares between C and A in terms of ratio units.
Difference in units = C's units - A's units = 15 - 8 = 7 units.
Step 3: Relate this difference to the given monetary value.
Given difference = Rs. 1,47,000.
So, 7 units = Rs. 1,47,000.
Step 4: Calculate the value of 1 ratio unit.
1 unit = 1,47,000 / 7 = Rs. 21,000.
Step 5: Calculate B's share of profit.
B's share = 6 units.
B's profit = 6 * 21,000 = Rs. 1,26,000.
2
In 2020, the income ratio of A to B was 5:4. A's income ratio from 2020 to 2021 was 4:5, and B's income ratio from 2020 to 2021 was 2:3. If their combined income in 2021 was Rs. 7,05,600, what was B's income in 2021?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Represent incomes in 2020 based on their ratio: Let A's 2020 income be 5k, and B's 2020 income be 4k.
Step 2: Relate A's 2020 and 2021 incomes using the ratio 4:5:
If 4 parts of A's income correspond to 5k (2020 income), then 1 part is 5k/4.
A's 2021 income = 5 parts * (5k/4) = 25k/4.
Step 3: Relate B's 2020 and 2021 incomes using the ratio 2:3:
If 2 parts of B's income correspond to 4k (2020 income), then 1 part is 4k/2 = 2k.
B's 2021 income = 3 parts * (2k) = 6k.
Step 4: Formulate an equation using the total income in 2021:
A's 2021 income + B's 2021 income = 7,05,600
25k/4 + 6k = 7,05,600
(25k + 24k) / 4 = 7,05,600
49k / 4 = 7,05,600.
Step 5: Solve for k:
49k = 7,05,600 * 4
49k = 2,822,400
k = 2,822,400 / 49 = 57600.
Step 6: Calculate B's income in 2021:
B's 2021 income = 6k = 6 * 57600 = Rs. 3,45,600.
6
A total of Rs. 1250 is to be distributed among A, B, C, and D. The combined share of B and D is 14/11 of the combined share of A and C. D's share is half of A's share. C's share is 1.2 times A's share. What are the individual shares of A, B, C, and D?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Set up initial equations based on the problem statement.
Total sum: A + B + C + D = 1250 (Equation 1)
Combined share ratio: (B + D) / (A + C) = 14 / 11 (Equation 2)
Share of D in terms of A: D = A / 2 (Equation 3)
Share of C in terms of A: C = 1.2A = (6/5)A (Equation 4)
Step 2: Use Equation 2 with total sum. (A + C) + (B + D) = 1250. Given (B+D) / (A+C) = 14/11, we can say A+C is 11 parts and B+D is 14 parts, making total 25 parts.
25 parts = 1250 => 1 part = 50.
Therefore, A + C = 11 * 50 = 550 and B + D = 14 * 50 = 700.
Step 3: Substitute Equation 3 and Equation 4 into the sum of A and C:
A + (6/5)A = 550
(5A + 6A) / 5 = 550
11A / 5 = 550
11A = 2750
A = 2750 / 11 = 250
Step 4: Calculate shares of C and D using A's share:
C = (6/5) * 250 = 6 * 50 = 300
D = A / 2 = 250 / 2 = 125
Step 5: Calculate B's share using the total sum:
B = 1250 - (A + C + D)
B = 1250 - (250 + 300 + 125)
B = 1250 - 675 = 575
Step 6: State the shares of A, B, C, and D:
A = Rs. 250, B = Rs. 575, C = Rs. 300, D = Rs. 125.
13
A total sum of money is distributed among A, B, C, and D in the ratio 3:4:9:10. If C's share is Rs. 2580 more than B's share, calculate the combined total amount received by A and D.
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Let the shares of A, B, C, and D be 3x, 4x, 9x, and 10x respectively.
Step 2: The problem states that C's share is Rs. 2580 more than B's share. Set up the equation based on this difference:
9x - 4x = 2580
5x = 2580
Step 3: Solve for x:
x = 2580 / 5 = 516.
Step 4: The question asks for the total amount A and D receive together. Calculate the combined ratio parts for A and D:
Amount (A + D) = 3x + 10x = 13x.
Step 5: Substitute the value of x to find the combined amount:
Amount (A + D) = 13 * 516 = Rs. 6708.
16
What is the probability of drawing four cards of the same suit when selecting four cards randomly from a standard deck of 52 playing cards?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Calculate the total number of ways to draw 4 cards from a standard deck of 52 cards. This is given by C(52, 4) = (52 * 51 * 50 * 49) / (4 * 3 * 2 * 1) = 270,725.
Step 2: Understand that there are 4 suits (clubs, spades, hearts, diamonds), each with 13 cards.
Step 3: Calculate the number of ways to draw 4 cards of a specific suit (e.g., all 4 clubs). This is C(13, 4) = (13 * 12 * 11 * 10) / (4 * 3 * 2 * 1) = 715.
Step 4: Since there are 4 different suits, the number of ways to draw all four cards of the same suit is 4 times the number of ways to draw 4 cards of a specific suit. So, 4 * C(13, 4) = 4 * 715 = 2860.
Step 5: Calculate the probability: (Favorable outcomes) / (Total outcomes) = 2860 / 270725.
Step 6: Simplify the fraction: 2860/270725 = 44/4165.
17
Salaries of A, B, and C are in the proportion 2:3:5. If their salaries are increased by 15%, 10%, and 20% respectively, what will be the new ratio of their salaries?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Let the initial salaries of A, B, and C be 2k, 3k, and 5k, respectively, where 'k' is a constant.
Step 2: Calculate A's new salary after a 15% increment:
New salary of A = 2k * (1 + 15/100) = 2k * (115/100) = 2.3k.
Step 3: Calculate B's new salary after a 10% increment:
New salary of B = 3k * (1 + 10/100) = 3k * (110/100) = 3.3k.
Step 4: Calculate C's new salary after a 20% increment:
New salary of C = 5k * (1 + 20/100) = 5k * (120/100) = 6k.
Step 5: Form the new ratio of their salaries:
New Ratio = 2.3k : 3.3k : 6k.
Step 6: Divide by 'k' and multiply by 10 to remove decimals and express the ratio in simplest integer form:
New Ratio = 23 : 33 : 60.
Step 7: The new ratio of their salaries is 23:33:60.
20
A, B, and C invested capital in a business with ratios of 1/2 : 1/3 : 1/5. After 4 months, A doubled his investment, and after 6 months, B halved his investment. If the total annual profit is Rs. 34650, what is the profit share for each partner?
0:00
Solution: Step 1: Convert the fractional investment ratio to an integer ratio.
Given ratio 1/2 : 1/3 : 1/5.
Multiply by the LCM of 2, 3, 5 (which is 30) to clear fractions:
(1/2)*30 : (1/3)*30 : (1/5)*30 = 15 : 10 : 6.
Let their initial investments be 15x, 10x, and 6x respectively.
Step 2: Calculate each partner's total effective capital for the year (12 months).
A's investment: 15x for 4 months, then 2 * 15x = 30x for 12 - 4 = 8 months.
A's effective capital = (15x * 4) + (30x * 8) = 60x + 240x = 300x.
B's investment: 10x for 6 months, then 10x / 2 = 5x for 12 - 6 = 6 months.
B's effective capital = (10x * 6) + (5x * 6) = 60x + 30x = 90x.
C's investment: 6x for 12 months.
C's effective capital = 6x * 12 = 72x.
Step 3: Determine the profit sharing ratio (ratio of effective capitals).
Ratio A : B : C = 300x : 90x : 72x.
Divide by 6x: 50 : 15 : 12.
Step 4: Calculate the total number of ratio parts.
Total ratio parts = 50 + 15 + 12 = 77 parts.
Step 5: Calculate the value of one ratio part.
Total profit = Rs. 34650.
Value of 1 part = 34650 / 77 = Rs. 450.
Step 6: Calculate the individual profit share for A, B, and C.
Profit of A = 50 parts * 450 = Rs. 22500.
Profit of B = 15 parts * 450 = Rs. 6750.
Profit of C = 12 parts * 450 = Rs. 5400.