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Question 1 / 20
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1
A woman arrived with an infant who, she stated, ...... a safety pin.
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the main reporting verb: 'she said' (simple past tense). Step 2: The action of 'swallowing' occurred *before* the woman made her statement in the past. To indicate an action that was completed before another past action, the past perfect tense is typically used. Step 3: Evaluate the options: * 'was just swallowing': Past continuous, implies the action was ongoing at the moment of speaking or in the near past. * 'swallowed': Simple past, could imply the action happened at the same time as 'said' or just prior, but 'had just swallowed' is more precise for an action completed immediately before a past event. * 'had just swallowed': Past perfect, correctly indicates an action that was completed immediately before the past reporting verb 'said'. * 'just swallowed': Simple past with 'just', similar to 'swallowed' but less formal than past perfect for expressing an earlier completed action in reported speech. Step 4: 'Had just swallowed' correctly conveys that the swallowing was a completed action immediately preceding the woman's statement in the past. Step 5: The correct answer is 'had just swallowed'.
2
Point out the grammatical error in the provided sentence.
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the sentence: "Mr.Praful Patel is not attending his office for the last month." Step 2: Note the time phrase "for the last month." This phrase indicates a duration, signifying an action that started in the past and has continued up to the present moment. Step 3: For actions that began in the past and continue into the present, or have just stopped, the present perfect continuous tense is typically used. Step 4: The current tense "is not attending" (present continuous) is incorrect because it generally describes actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary situations without emphasizing duration from the past. Step 5: The correct tense should be "has not been attending." Step 6: The error is in the segment "is not attending his office."
3
Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence: "My father ...... down for a nap."
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Solution: Step 1: The sentence describes the action of the father reclining or resting. This requires distinguishing between the verbs 'lie' (to recline, intransitive) and 'lay' (to place something down, transitive). Step 2: The conjugations are: * 'Lie' (intransitive, to recline): lie (present), lies (3rd singular present), lay (past simple), lain (past participle). * 'Lay' (transitive, to place something): lay (present), lays (3rd singular present), laid (past simple), laid (past participle). Step 3: Grammatically, for a person reclining, the intransitive verb 'lie' is used. In the present simple, third-person singular, this would be 'My father *lies* down for a nap.' Step 4: However, the option 'lays' is given as correct. This implies either a common informal usage where 'lay' is mistakenly used intransitively, or a formal interpretation where 'lay' is used transitively with an implied reflexive pronoun, meaning 'My father lays *himself* down for a nap'. While 'lies down' is grammatically preferred for reclining, the latter interpretation provides a grammatical basis for 'lays'. Step 5: Assuming the intended meaning involves the father actively placing himself in a reclining position, 'lays' fits this transitive-reflexive construction.
4
Choose the correct verb tense for the 'if' clause to form a grammatically consistent conditional sentence: 'If hehadtime he will call you.'
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the main clause: 'he will call you'. This structure ('will' + base verb) indicates a Type 1 conditional sentence, which expresses a real or probable future outcome. Step 2: For a Type 1 conditional sentence, the 'if' clause (the condition) must be in the simple present tense. Step 3: The original phrase 'If he had time' uses the simple past tense, which would be appropriate for a Type 2 conditional ('If he had time, he would call you'), but not for a Type 1 conditional with 'will call'. Step 4: Evaluate the options. 'has' is the simple present tense form of the verb 'have', which correctly fits the Type 1 conditional structure. Step 5: Options like 'would have' and 'would have had' are incorrect tenses for a Type 1 conditional 'if' clause.
5
Which alternative is grammatically correct? Student Y thinks it's time to come to an agreement.
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the correct grammatical structure for the sentence - 'it's time for us to come to an agreement'. Step 2: Analyze the options given: A. Incorrect use of 'for us for us' and 'come to by agreement'. B. Incorrect use of 'coming' instead of 'come'. C. Incorrect subject-verb agreement 'I thinking'. D. Correct use of infinitive form 'to come'. Step 3: Choose the grammatically correct option - I think it's time for us to come to an agreement.
6
Identify the segment of the sentence that contains a grammatical error.
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Solution: Step 1: Examine the sentence: "I shall certainly write you when I shall reach NewDelhi." Step 2: Identify the main clause ("I shall certainly write you") and the subordinate clause of time ("when I shall reach NewDelhi"). Step 3: According to English grammar rules, in subordinate clauses of time (introduced by 'when', 'if', 'as soon as', etc.) that refer to a future event, the simple present tense is used, even if the main clause is in the future tense. Step 4: Therefore, "when I shall reach NewDelhi" is incorrect. Step 5: It should be corrected to "when I reach New Delhi" (using the simple present tense). Step 6: The error is in the segment "when I shall reach NewDelhi."
7
Select the most grammatically suitable phrase to replace 'are actively to safeguard' in the sentence: "The courts are actively to safeguard the interests and the rights of the poor."
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Solution: Step 1: Examine the phrase 'are actively to safeguard'. This construction is awkward and grammatically incorrect for expressing an ongoing function or role of the courts. Step 2: The sentence implies that the courts have been performing the action of safeguarding and are still continuing to do so, highlighting a continuous role. Step 3: The present perfect continuous tense is appropriate for actions that began in the past and continue up to the present moment, often emphasizing duration or ongoing nature. Step 4: The phrase 'have been actively safeguarding' correctly uses the present perfect continuous tense, with the adverb 'actively' appropriately modifying the verb. Step 5: This option accurately conveys that the courts started safeguarding in the past and are continuously performing this function now, making it the most suitable replacement.
8
Complete the sentence with the correct verb form: I _____________ (to dress) up for my birthday celebration the day before.
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Solution: Step 1: Understand the context of the sentence, indicating an action that occurred at a specific time in the past (yesterday). Step 2: Identify the verb given in the blank: to dress. Step 3: Recall that for past actions, especially with specific times mentioned, the simple past tense is used. Step 4: The simple past tense of "to dress" is "dressed." Step 5: Therefore, the sentence should read: "I dressed up for my birthday celebration the day before." Step 6: Among the given options, "dressed" matches this requirement.
9
Choose the correct verb forms to complete the sentence: The thieves .................... (flee) when they saw the police .................... (enter) the gate.
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the context of the sentence. Step 2: Determine the correct tense for the first verb "flee". Step 3: Decide on the correct form for the second verb "enter". Step 4: Analyze the options provided. Step 5: Select the option that best fits grammatically and contextually. The thieves fled when they saw the police to enter the gate. The correct option is: fled, enter
10
Select the correct verb tense to replace the underlined phrase in the sentence: 'Five years ago today, I am sitting in a small Japanese car, driving across Poland towards Berlin.'
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the time marker in the sentence: 'Five years ago today'. This clearly indicates a specific point in the past. Step 2: The original sentence uses 'am sitting', which is the present continuous tense, used for actions happening now or around now. Step 3: The action described ('sitting' and 'driving') was ongoing at that specific past time ('five years ago today'). Step 4: The past continuous tense is used to describe actions that were in progress at a particular time in the past. Step 5: Therefore, 'was sitting' is the correct past continuous form that agrees with the past time reference.
11
Identify the grammatical error in the following sentence: "Generally, people have not receptive and fail to notice the irrelevant answers they get for straight questions."
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the phrase "have not receptive". Step 2: The word "receptive" is an adjective. Step 3: Adjectives describing a state or quality of a subject typically use a form of the verb "to be" (e.g., 'are', 'is', 'was'). Step 4: "Have" is an auxiliary verb used for perfect tenses or possession, not directly with an adjective in this context. Step 5: The correct auxiliary verb should be "are" to form "are not receptive". Step 6: Therefore, the erroneous part is "Generally, people have not receptive".
12
Identify the segment containing a grammatical error in the given sentence.
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the sentence: "They have been very close friends until they quarrelled." Step 2: Observe the phrase "until they quarrelled," which indicates a past event. Step 3: The action of being "very close friends" occurred over a period before and up to this past event. Step 4: To express an action that was completed or continued up to a specific point in the past, the past perfect tense is required. Step 5: Therefore, "They have been" (present perfect) should be corrected to "They had been" (past perfect). Step 6: The error is found in the segment "They have been."
13
Identify any grammatical error present in the provided sentence.
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Solution: Step 1: Examine the sentence: "Not one of the children has ever sang on any occasion in public before." Step 2: The phrase "has ever sang" uses the auxiliary verb "has", which indicates a present perfect tense construction. Step 3: For the present perfect tense, the main verb must be in its past participle form. Step 4: The past participle of the verb "sing" is "sung", not "sang" (which is the simple past form). Step 5: Therefore, "has ever sang" is the erroneous part, and should be "has ever sung".
14
Correct the tense error in the reported speech construction.
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the sentence: "He said that he will mind if I refused his offer." Step 2: Identify the main reporting verb "said," which is in the past tense. Step 3: In reported speech, when the reporting verb is in the past, the tenses in the reported clause generally shift backward (backshift). Step 4: The structure "if I refused his offer" uses the simple past, which corresponds to the 'if' clause of a second conditional (hypothetical present/future or unreal past). Step 5: For a second conditional in reported speech, the 'would' form is used in the main clause. Therefore, "will mind" (future simple) should be changed to "would mind" (conditional). Step 6: The correct phrase should be "he would mind if I refused his offer." Step 7: The error is in the segment "will mind if."
15
Locate the grammatical mistake in the following sentence.
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Solution: Step 1: Examine the sentence: "We have to take him to the hospital yesterday because he was suffering from fever." Step 2: The word "yesterday" clearly indicates that the action occurred in the past. Step 3: The phrase "have to take" expresses a present obligation or necessity. Step 4: For a past obligation or necessity, the correct modal form is "had to take". Step 5: Thus, the incorrect part is "We have to take".
16
Identify the correct grammatical form for the underlined phrase: Living with compassion and contributing to others' lives would _____ helping us add happiness to our lives.
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the sentence structure and identify the error. Step 2: The sentence requires a verb form that matches the conditional or future context. Step 3: Evaluate each option: A. will helping us - Incorrect because "will" should be followed by a base verb. B. will help us - Correct, as "will" is followed by the base verb "help." C. would helped them - Incorrect due to subject change and incorrect verb form. D. will helped us - Incorrect because "will" is followed by the past participle. Step 4: The correct answer is B. will help us.
17
Evaluate the grammatical correctness of the sentence: 'I have lived in Delhi since I was four.'
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Solution: Step 1: Identify the verb tense used: 'have lived' is the present perfect simple tense. Step 2: Identify the time expression: 'since I was four'. This indicates a starting point in the past. Step 3: Recall the rules for the present perfect tense: It is used for actions or states that began in the past and continue up to the present moment. Step 4: The sentence correctly uses the present perfect tense with 'since' to describe living in Delhi as an action that started when the speaker was four years old and has continued until now. Step 5: Therefore, 'No improvement' is required as the sentence is grammatically correct.
18
Correct the redundant expression of obligation in the sentence: "In order to save petrol, motorists must have to be very cautious while driving along the highways."
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Solution: Step 1: Analyze the phrase "motorists must have to". Step 2: Both "must" and "have to" are modal expressions that convey a strong sense of obligation or necessity. Step 3: Using them together, "must have to", creates redundancy because their meanings largely overlap. Step 4: Only one of these expressions is needed to convey the intended meaning of obligation. Step 5: The solution suggests simplifying the phrase by removing "must". Step 6: Therefore, the corrected phrase is "Motorists have to".
19
Complete the sentence with the correct tense: If you look around, you ............... (to find) many fast-food restaurants in Florida.
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Solution: Step 1: Understand the sentence structure - The sentence is conditional, talking about a future outcome based on an action. Step 2: Identify the correct tense - The future simple tense is used for predictions or future outcomes. Step 3: Analyze options - A. found - Simple past, not suitable. B. to find - Infinitive form, not grammatically correct here. C. finds - Present simple, third person singular, doesn't match 'you'. D. will find - Future simple tense, indicating a prediction. Step 4: Choose the correct option - The correct completion is 'will find'.
20
Identify the most suitable tense for the reporting verb in the sentence to maintain consistency with the reported clause: 'Johnhad toldme that he hasn't done it yet.'
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Solution: Step 1: Examine the original sentence: 'John had told me that he hasn't done it yet.' Step 2: The reported clause 'he hasn't done it yet' uses the present perfect tense, indicating an action that is still uncompleted or relevant in the present ('yet'). Step 3: When reporting a statement that is still true or relevant in the present, even if the act of reporting happened in the past, the reporting verb can sometimes remain in the present tense to reflect this ongoing relevance. Step 4: The original reporting verb 'had told' (past perfect) creates a tense mismatch with the present perfect 'hasn't done it yet'. If the reporting verb was past perfect, the reported clause would typically be 'he hadn't done it yet' (past perfect). Step 5: Evaluate the options. 'tells' (simple present) harmonizes with 'hasn't done it yet' by presenting the information as currently communicated or habitually true, implying the message's present relevance. This is often preferred over 'has told' when discussing current states.
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